NAC，即N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (N-Acetylcysteine)，中文名N-乙酰-L-半胱氨酸（乙酰半胱氨酸），是一种含巯基的抗氧化剂，能增加细胞库的自由基捕获剂，同时也是一种粘液溶解剂，作用原理在于其可断裂粘蛋白肽键的二硫键（-S-S-），使得粘蛋白变成小分子肽链，放松并清除痰液的粘滞性。NAC与谷胱甘肽具有相当的功能，两者都具有基于巯基功能的抗氧化特性，且都能保护机体免受感染性休克引起的过氧化应激损伤。NAC可抑制神经细胞凋亡，但也可诱导平滑肌细胞凋亡。NAC还可抑制HIV复制，也可作为微粒体谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)的底物。
参考文献
[1]. Goldstein DS1, et al. N-Acetylcysteine Prevents the Increase in Spontaneous Oxidation of Dopamine During Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition in PC12 Cells. Neurochem Res. 2017 Aug 24.
[2]. Wright DJ1,2, et al. N-acetylcysteine modulates glutamatergic dysfunction and depressive behavior in Huntington's disease. Hum Mol Genet. 2016 Jul 15;25(14):2923-2933.
客户使用本产品发表的科研文献（部分）
[1] Shen Y J, et al. Effect of photodynamic therapy with (17R, 18R)-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl chlorine E6 trisodium salt on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo[J]. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2018 Dec 14;24(46):5246-5258. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v24.i46.5246. PMID: 30581273; PMCID: PMC6295833. IF: 5.742
[2] Cui H, et al. Carrier-Free Cellular Transport of CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein for Genome Editing by Cold Atmospheric Plasma. Biology (Basel). 2021 Oct 13;10(10):1038. PMID: 34681136. IF：5.079
[3] Dong X, et al. Protective effect of C-phycocyanin and apo-phycocyanin subunit on programmed necrosis of GC-1 spg cells induced by H2 O2. Environ Toxicol. 2022 Jun;37(6):1275-1287. PMID: 35112789. IF：4.119
[4] Hou S, et al. Methylmercury induced apoptosis of human neuroblastoma cells through the reactive oxygen species mediated caspase and poly ADP-ribose polymerase/apoptosis-inducing factor dependent pathways. Environ Toxicol. 2022 Aug;37(8):1891-1901. doi: 10.1002/tox.23535. Epub 2022 Apr 9. PMID: 35396826. IF: 4.119
[5] Cui XX, et al. Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside Present in Lettuce Extracts Inhibits Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Production and Viral Replication by Human Hepatoma Cells in Vitro. Front Microbiol. 2017 Dec 6; 8:2425. PMID: 29270164. IF：4.076
[6] He H, et al. A Combinational Strategy for Effective Heterologous Production of Functional Human Lysozyme in Pichia pastoris. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020 Mar 10;8:118. PMID: 32211388. IF：3.644
[7] Shen YJ, et al. Effect of photodynamic therapy with (17R,18R)-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl chlorine E6 trisodium salt on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. World J Gastroenterol. 2018 Dec 14;24(46):5246-5258. PMID: 30581273. IF：3.3
配置方法
1. 储存液制备（500 mM）：溶解1 g NAC于12.256 mL去离子水，充分溶解后混匀；0.22 μm滤膜过滤后分装于-20℃保存；注意避光，切勿反复冻融。
2. 工作液制备：细胞培养应用，NAC的常用浓度为5 mM。最佳浓度需要根据具体应用来摸索。两种方法准备工作液：a）将储存液（500 mM）用培养基稀释到需要的终浓度，可能需用NaOH调整pH至培养条件。b）使用之前直接用PBS溶解NAC，之后添加到细胞培养基内。
【具体使用浓度请参考相关文献，并根据自身实验条件（如实验目的，细胞种类，培养特性等）进行摸索和优化。】
注意事项
1. 中性或者碱性pH水溶液中，半胱氨酸易被氧化为胱氨酸。但是酸性环境中NAC相对比较稳定，可-20℃分装保存。1% NAC水溶液的pH约为2.0-2.8。
2. 为了您的安全和健康，请穿实验服并戴一次性手套操作。
3. 粉末溶解前请先短暂离心，以保证产品全在管底。
4. 请勿吸入、吞咽或者直接接触皮肤和眼睛。
5. 本产品仅用于科研用途，禁止用于人身上。
冰袋运输。粉末4℃保存，有效期3年。易溶于水或乙醇，不溶于乙醚、氯仿。有吸湿性，建议粉末分装后干燥避光保存，溶于溶剂后，建议-20℃保存，避免反复冻融。中性或者碱性pH水溶液中，半胱氨酸易被氧化为胱氨酸。但是酸性环境中NAC相对比较稳定。
Q：配置储存液的时候需要用酸调过PH的去离子水配吗？
A：不需要，普通的去离子水就可以，水溶解之后是呈酸性的。
[1] Cui H, Jiang M, Zhou W, et al. Carrier-Free Cellular Transport of CRISPR/Cas9 Ribonucleoprotein for Genome Editing by Cold Atmospheric Plasma. Biology (Basel). 2021;10(10):1038. Published 2021 Oct 13. doi:10.3390/biology10101038(IF:5.079)
[2] Dong X, Yang F, Xu X, et al. Protective effect of C-phycocyanin and apo-phycocyanin subunit on programmed necrosis of GC-1 spg cells induced by H2 O2. Environ Toxicol. 2022;37(6):1275-1287. doi:10.1002/tox.23482(IF:4.119)
[3] Hou S, Zhang X, Ning X, et al. Methylmercury induced apoptosis of human neuroblastoma cells through the reactive oxygen species mediated caspase and poly ADP-ribose polymerase/apoptosis-inducing factor dependent pathways. Environ Toxicol. 2022;37(8):1891-1901. doi:10.1002/tox.23535(IF:4.119)
[4] Cui XX, Yang X, Wang HJ, et al. Luteolin-7-O-Glucoside Present in Lettuce Extracts Inhibits Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Production and Viral Replication by Human Hepatoma Cells in Vitro. Front Microbiol. 2017;8:2425. Published 2017 Dec 6. doi:10.3389/fmicb.2017.02425(IF:4.076)
[5] He H, Wu S, Mei M, et al. A Combinational Strategy for Effective Heterologous Production of Functional Human Lysozyme in Pichia pastoris. Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2020;8:118. Published 2020 Mar 10. doi:10.3389/fbioe.2020.00118(IF:3.644)
[6] Shen YJ, Cao J, Sun F, et al. Effect of photodynamic therapy with (17R,18R)-2-(1-hexyloxyethyl)-2-devinyl chlorine E6 trisodium salt on pancreatic cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. World J Gastroenterol. 2018;24(46):5246-5258. doi:10.3748/wjg.v24.i46.5246(IF:3.300)
